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- WORLD, Page 41SOUTH KOREAKicking and Screaming
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- Students charge that Roh's goal is to accumulate power
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- As the newly formed ruling party of South Korea met to
- celebrate its merger last week, a referendum of sorts broke out
- in the streets. About 70,000 protesters, mostly students, took
- control of downtown Seoul and 16 provincial cities. They
- battled police, injuring 335 of them, and fire bombed party
- offices and the U.S. Information Service headquarters in the
- capital. More than 1,800 rioters were arrested, but only 55
- were formally charged.
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- In spite of the optimism with which the formation of the
- Democratic Liberal Party was welcomed four months ago, its
- fortunes are already going downhill. At the national elections
- in 1987, President Roh Tae Woo received only 36% of the vote,
- and his party was stymied for two years by an
- opposition-controlled national assembly. So when two of the
- three rival parties joined Roh's group to form the D.L.P.,
- which now holds 218 of the 299 parliamentary seats, it looked
- as if Roh's promised "democratization" program of liberal
- reforms would be pushed ahead. Opinion polls showed an approval
- rating of 60% for the new coalition.
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- By last week, under the weight of collapsing hopes and a
- faltering economy, public approval of the D.L.P. had dropped
- to 14%. The new political alignment had not cleared the
- legislative logjam. It seemed to many Koreans that their new
- leaders were more interested in squabbling over the division
- of personal power than in dealing with the urgent issues: an
- economic growth rate that fell 50% last year, a sudden trade
- deficit, rising rents and widespread strikes.
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- "The ruling party was engrossed in its internal strife,"
- said the daily Dong-A Ilbo, and was ignoring domestic affairs.
- Roh admitted in a speech last week that his administration "has
- not been able to gain public confidence in the consistency of
- its policies."
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- Student leaders charge that Roh is planning to use his
- parliamentary control to postpone elections, scheduled for
- 1992, and prolong his rule. There is no evidence to support
- this so far, and among professional politicians Roh is more
- often accused of weak leadership. His nickname, "Water,"
- reflects the view that he is a bit slippery and hard to pin
- down.
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- This week marks the tenth anniversary of the uprising in
- Kwangju, where police killed 200 antigovernment demonstrators.
- Despite elaborate security measures, renewed demonstrations in
- Seoul and Kwangju are likely. Most South Koreans are more
- interested in solving the country's economic ills than in
- joining the students in the streets. But Roh must convince them
- that the government is serious about dealing with those
- problems. Otherwise social unrest could bring a crackdown on
- dissent and stall progress toward democratization.
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- By Bruce W. Nelan. Reported by David S. Jackson/Hong Kong.
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